The problem of existing modern path loss minimization AI models borders on the aspect of needless complexity and unwarranted use of metaphors. This research proposes an alternative strategy that is purely mathematical based and very simple to apply. The strategy employs the Rao-type optimizer (RaoO) and the Sine Cosine Optimizer (SCO) proposed. The approach is applied to modeling a case study dataset with the integration of Cost-232 Hata model in an error-loss minimization objective. The results agree with those reported in similar studies and using available case data. The results further show that the SCO approach gives better fit with lower path loss when compared to the RaoO.

KEYWORDS:- Dynamic Programming, GSM, Path loss, MetaphorlessOptimization

The comparative studies of the physicochemical and functional properties of black, brown and white (local and improved varieties) of sesame seeds grown in Nigeria were carried out. The Physicochemical and functional properties were determined using standard analytical methods of AOAC. The results indicated that the physicochemical and functional properties varied with colors of the seeds. The physical analysis for the appearance of 1000 seed weight, seed volume and true density for black, brown and white ranged from 0.92-2.91, 3.13-10.56 and 0.22-0.31 respectively. The values for proximate analysis ranged from 2.82-4.5%, 19.67-28.42%, 8.23-31.12% 87-48.02%, 7.32-20.42 %, 3.43-5.37% for moisture, protein, fibre, fat, ash and carbohydrate contents respectively........

KEYWORDS:- Sesame seed varieties, seed colour, food formulation, nutritional properties.

The advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology offers significant potential for improving safety and efficiency in various industrial applications. This project presents the development and implementation of an automated blasting system designed for the mining industry, utilizing IoT technology to remotely trigger the blasting process. The system integrates several key components: Node MCU for wireless communication, Relay Module for high-voltage control, a 12V Battery for power supply, and Arduino for managing the electronic detonator. The primary objective was to create a reliable and efficient remote blasting system that minimizes human intervention and enhances operational safety.......

KEYWORDS:- Automated, Blasting, System, Internet of Things.

Poverty detection remains a critical challenge in socio-economic development, necessitating innovative, scalable, and efficient methodologies for accurate assessment and intervention. Traditional poverty assessment techniques, such as household surveys and economic censuses, suffer from limited scalability, delayed updates, and inherent biases, reducing their effectiveness in dynamic socio-economic landscapes. Advances in Machine Learning (ML) and big data analytics offer promising alternatives by integrating multimodal data sources, including geospatial information, mobile network metadata, financial indicators, and social media analytics. However, existing ML-based poverty detection models face challenges in real-time adaptability......

KEYWORDS:- Machine Learning (ML), Poverty Detection, Multidimensional Data-Driven Approach (MDDA), Multimodal Data Fusion, Hyperparameter Optimization, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bias Mitigation, Real-Time Data Processing, Fairness-Aware AI, Socio-Economic Analysis.

Soil is an important basic natural resource in human production and life. Studying the micro-structure of soil, understanding various types of soil and grasping its specific data are of great guiding significance and reference value for the growth and development of plants and crops. Therefore, the systematic classification of soil is particularly important. There is no study on Soil Taxonomy in Renhe District of Panzhihua City, so this study will make up for this gap.The soil samples of 8 towns and townships in Renhe District of Panzhihua City were collected and analyzed.......

KEYWORDS:-soil type, soil pH value, soil organic matter, soil ammonium nitrogen, soil available
phosphorus, soil effective potassium

The current monetary models are mainly based on gold, petroleum, food, mine, government credit and so on. In the last hundreds of years, a lot of legal tenders have faced depreciation and worthless. In addition, when the value of money is bound to foreign objects, money will overuse the greedy, jealous, angry, and other parts of human nature.As humanity's understanding of genes deepens, the context of human beings becoming the hegemon of the earth is gradually becoming clear, and also the genes bounded features. Therefore, the author tries to build a simple monetary model based on human gene mine, or in other words, human gene monetization.

KEYWORDS:- monetary models, genes.

The H.265 video coding standard promotes the realization of 4K/8K ultrahigh definition (UHD) video applications.To further improve the coding efficiency, H.265 allows motion estimation (ME) performing on multiple reference frame (MRF). Although the MRF can enhance the performance and allow the encoder to search a better reference frame from several previous pictures, the computational complexity of the MRF-based ME (MRF-ME) module dramatically increases........

KEYWORDS:- Video coding, H.265, Motion estimation, Ultrahigh definition video.

Mineral reserve evaluation is an extremely important stage mineral exploration and exploitation as it directly affects the economy of the mineral reserve. The Nigerian mining and quarrying sector is under performing, as a result, the benefits (such as rapid industrialization, technological innovation, raw material provision for the manufacturing industry etc.) associated with a well performing mining sector is denied the Nigerian populace. The major cause of this under performance by the sector has been attributed to lack of local and foreign investment in the mining sector, and one of the chief causes of this lack of investment is the absence of mineral reserve reports that meet international specifications, that clearly shows the profitability or non-profitability of mineral reserves in Nigeria.......

KEYWORDS:- Geologic Ore Modeling; Resource Estimation; Compositional Data Analysis; Geostatistics; Sequential Gaussian Simulation; Simple Kriging.

Existing statistical and Artificial Intelligence (AI) models for the path-loss studies in GSM communication systems are quite large and it becomes a problem identifying suitable ones for solving the PLMP. In this research, an alternative purely mathematical and very simple approach to solving the PLMP based on three Rao-type algorithms is proposed. The approach is applied to modeling a case study dataset with the integration of Cost-232 Hata model in an error.......

KEYWORDS:- Dynamic Programming, GSM, Path loss, Optimization

Cosmetic products are gaining attention due to the difficulty in identifying the toxicity status of animal-based ingredients commonly used in the market. Medicinal plants offer a natural and viable alternative for cosmetic formulations. Pereskia bleo (Kunt) DC, known locally in Malaysia as "Pokok Jarum Tujuh Bilah" is a medicinal plant from the Cactaceae family, traditionally used for treating various ailments because of its high antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Despite its known medicinal uses, its potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient has not been widely studied. A non-conventional microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was used to prepare.......

KEYWORDS:- Geologic Ore Microwave-assisted extraction, Pereskia bleo, Functional cosmetic, Toxicity

Fluvial ecosystems, a colorful platform of the interactions between human being and environment. The hydrologists and the geomorphologists summarize the idea of relevant factors of regional context, which including watershed hydrology, watershed geomorphology, water quality, stream and riparian ecology and stream/river hydraulics, such as water depth, width of channel, flow velocity, bed material and slope of stream/river, to transport nutrient and thermal regimes changing temporally and spatial, make the ecosystem alive. And they are obviously important of watershed management on decision support for the necessities to manage water resources.......

KEYWORDS:- Fluvial Ecosystems; Hydraulics; Turbulence; Geomorphology; Hydrology; Uncertainty

The paper presents research on modeling of an electrohydraulic servo system with friction load by using experimental data. According to the step command input signal on the system and the velocity output of the cylinder piston, the order and the delay time of the servo system model were determined. And then the discrete-time linear models with and without friction load were identified by means of the Least Squares (LS) method. Finally, the validation of the constructed model was performed and results shown the proposed models to be excellent. .

KEYWORDS:- Electrohydraulic servo system, friction load, system identification, modeling

The ever-increasing impact of ICT on the socio-economic development of the European Union Member States and the growth in their use mean that the products and services offered are now increasingly dependent on ensuring cybersecurity. The extensive architecture of ICT systems, including operations on large data resources, serve the development of communication, trade, transport and constitute the basis for the functioning of key, digital services and services provided by public administration. Unfortunately, the possibilities offered by modern digital technologies are also used to apply unfair competition practices, interrupt the continuity of selected services, commit.......

KEYWORDS:- digitalization policy, European Union, cybersecurity.

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