volume 4 ~ issue 2

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyzed the effect of business strategy on innovation and firm performance in the small industrial sector. Especially, to analyzed partially the effect of business strategy on innovation, the effect business strategy on firm performance, and the effect innovation on firm performance. The sample using purposive sampling of 55 business units. Primary data collection instrument is done by giving a questionnaire to the owner-managers of the wooden furniture manufacturing. Analysis of the data used to test the hypotheses of partial least squares (PLS).The results showed that partially, business strategy have a positive effect on innovation, business strategy have a positive effect on firm performance, and innovation have a positive effect on firm performance. Overall, the study provides a basis modeling alternative business strategyinnovation configurations to optimize firm performance in the small industrial sector. Therefore, in future studies need to confirm the moderating effect of innovation on the relationship between business strategy and firm performance to provide a clear understanding of the concepts of innovation capabilities can improve the competitive position of the firm and superior performance.

KEY WORDS:Business strategy,Innovation, Firm performance,Small industrial sector.

In this research, work index of the Run off Mine Arufu lead ore was determined. The test sample was obtained from Arufu village in Nasarawa State . A reference material granite was sourced from Anguwan-Boro Sabon, Kaduna metropolis. A known weight of reference and test material were crushed, pulverized and ground using the laboratory ball mill machine. The cell used in grinding the two samples has twelve steel balls of diameter 3.5cm and 222g weight. The size analysis of the feed for both reference and test material was found to be 218.2 and 198.4μm, and ball mill discharge was 189.9 and 170.1μm respectively. The granite as a reference material with work index of 15.13kwh/ short ton was used to calculate the work index of the test material which was found to be 12.73kwh/short ton, being the energy required to comminute one tone of the ore.

KEYWORDS :Bond's index, Arufu Lead Ore, modified, reference mineral, mineral processing

In recent years, the number of network enabled digital devices at homes, use of android smart phones and internet has been increasing fast. The owners have been requesting for monitoring and control of home appliances remotely, when the user is away from the place. In this paper, "Real time monitoring and controlling system" allows multiple users to control and monitor home appliances simply by an Android application installed on mobile phone. The system has four hardware components: ARM processor to transfer signals to home appliances, an android smart phone as a Web server to store records and support services to the other components, user's android mobile with running Android application and Bluetooth module to provide wireless remote access from smart phone to ARM controller. In the smart phone applications the user can see the real time status of home device's switch i.e. switch is on or off and select actions what should happen with devices in the home. Use of Android phone provides flexibility to the system. The system intended to control electrical and/or electronic appliances in house by multiple home users irrespective of their locations with relatively low cost design, user-friendly interface and ease of installation.

Keywords - Real time monitoring and controlling system, Home appliances, Bluetooth, Android

In this study, proximate analysis and jar test were carried out, to evaluate the characteristics of locally available Moringa oleifera seeds and its dose effect on selected water quality parameters of raw water from Kwalkwalawa River and wastewater from Dankure Market of Sokoto metropolis. Result of this study revealed that the seeds powder is rich in lipids (33.33%), and has carbohydrate and protein content of 31.64% and 25.70% respectively. Defatting had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the biocoagulant activity of the seeds powder, lowest turbidity values were obtained at dose levels of 0.1 g/L and 1.0 g/L, for raw water and wastewater respectively. pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids of M. oleifera treated water were not significantly increased (p>0.05) at the tested dose levels (0.1-5.0 g/L). There was progressive decrease in coliform count as seeds dose increases. Partially purified M. oleifera seeds proteins exhibited biocoagulant activity, this confirms earlier reports that the activity was due to the presence of short cationic polypeptides in the seed. These findings suggest that M. oleifera seeds powder can be used as a source of oil, while the cake is being employed as biocoagulant for point-of-use water treatment in developing countries.

Keywords -Biocoagulation, M. oleifera, Proximate Analysis, Wastewater, Water Treatment.

Partial replacement of sand with quarry dust in sandcrete block production is gaining grounds in Nigeria. Much effort and resources are spent in conducting trial tests to determine the mix proportions to achieve desired properties of the blocks. In this work, mixture experiment models for predicting the compressive strength and water absorption of sand-quarry dust blocks to meet the Nigerian Industrial standard minimum requirements for machine vibrated load bearing sandcrete blocks were formulated using augmented Scheffe's {4, 2} simplex lattice design. The models were tested for lack of fit and were found adequate. The compressive strength model can predict strength ranging from 2.74 to 5.22Nmm-2 while the water absorption model can predict water absorption ranging from 3.21 to 7.84%. The use of the models can help in determining mixes that meet the minimum compressive strength requirement as well the maximum water absorption of the blocks.

Keywords: Compressive strength, Water absorption, Mixture experiment models, Sand-Quarry dust blocks, Augmented Scheffe's simplex lattice design

The study deals with isolation and identification of bacteria from fresh coal mine soil collected from seam three of the opencast coal mine with a temperature range of 35-50ºC and growth curve analysis of these isolates. Two strains of bacteria were isolated and they were identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus p10 and p11.Their growth analysis indicated normal optimal growth curve for both the isolates at 35ºC. However with increase in temperature, both the isolates showed deviated growth curve with reduction in the exponential phase and specific growth rate. The study concludes that both the isolates are mesothermophilic with capacity to tolerate higher temperature regime.

Keywords: Bacillus methylotrophicus, Growth curve, Temperature, Coal mine soil.

New technological development efficiency of solar cell is increasing everyday and it is becoming cheap also for use in regular day today production of energy. Along with this government is also providing help and subsidies in set up of new solar power plant. This all things together provide a great new platform for setup and generation of new solar power plant for individual customer. This paper will try to bring all component and aspects of generating energy from solar cell easy, convenient and in user friendly way for non technical person, by using latest development in the field of electrical and electronics.

Keywords: Psoc. MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking), Solar Panel.

The Aedes mosquito can grow rapidly which only takes about several days. One of the methods to eliminate the mosquitoes effectively is by killing the mosquitoes during the larvae stage.The main purposed of this product is to reduce the effort and time consumption for detecting the dengue larvae while reducing the number of dengue fever patients in all around the world. This product is originated by two combinationsof proposed vectors transmission reduction methods from World Health Organization (WHO) which are environmental management and chemical control respectively. Hence, this product contributes to generate a new dimension of Aedes control method that would be known as Aedes Technology Control Strategy. In this proposed system of Aedes larvae detection, the self-made hydrophone is used as a sensing element to detect the frequency of larvae in the water. Water means the environment of Aedes larvae to growth up while the focus area is the residential water storage tank. The difficulty of accessing the indoor larvae habitats of Aedes such as in water storage tank has been highlighted by WHO correspondingly. The hydrophone is using raw materials and can be immersed directly in the water. Thehydrophone can detect a slight stir in the water tank (sound wave frequency), the signals from hydrophone will be transmit to the switching circuit and processing unit. The processing unit transfers the signals to the data presentation unit which is represented by a strobe light while auto sprayer that consists of pesticide is diffused to the water in order to kill the larvae respectively. The pesticide Bacillus Thuringiensis (BT) type is used in this system because it is not affected the human body. In order to support green scheme that has been announced all around the globe, solar panel has been used to power up this system significantly. Thus, it could enhance the energy saving while contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission accordingly. Nevertheless, others online power input can be plugged in order to power on the device. The successfully of this product commercialization would give some contributions to many countries in the world that has been affected by burden of dengue cases. Meanwhile introducing Malaysia as one of the innovative leading country to solve the dengue cases by using new proposed technology technique.

Keywords: AedesLarvae Detector, hydrophone, Bacillus Thuringensis

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) describes the stream of solid waste generated by households, commercial establishments, industries and institutions. Improper disposal of MSW has serious repercussions for the environment and human health. One of the serious problems is ground water contamination. Asian countries are facing municipal solid waste management problems due to the rapid growth in solid waste generation rate and open dumping practices. As water percolates through MSW, it makes leachate that consists of decomposing organic matter combined with iron, mercury, lead, zinc and other metal, which is the cause for the Groundwater contamination in the nearby areas of the dumpsite. So there is a need for Groundwater analysis around the dumpsite to know to what extent Groundwater has been contaminated. The present work aims to calculate the Water Quality Index(WQI) in order to know the status of the groundwater quality around the dumping site.

Keywords: Groundwater, Contamination, Solidwaste, Dumpsite

Precision surface finishes are used in a wide variety of applications. From bearing races and rolling elements to parallel slide ways, the topography of these surfaces is critical to the performance of the products. With the advent of diamond turning and other abrasive precision finishing such as magneto-rheological finishing process, nanometric surface finish can be realized. The ultra precision surfaces also find applications in optics and/or bio-medical implant surfaces. The 2D roughness parameter defined in standards are inadequate for characterising surfaces therefore analysis of 3D roughness parameter is necessary for broad analysis of surface conditions.

Keywords: roughness, topography, amplitude, parameter

There are number of welding methods available for welding materials such as shielded metal arc welding, Gas metal arc welding, Flux cored arc welding, submerged arc welding, electro slag welding, electron beam welding, and Gas Tungsten arc welding methods. The choice of the welding depends on several factors; primarily among them are the compositional range of the material to be welded, the thickness of the base materials and type of current. Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is the most popular gas shielding arc welding process used in many industrial fields. Other arc welding processes have limited quality when they are compared to TIG welding processes. However, TIG welding also needs improvements regarding spatter reduction and weld quality of the bead. Shielding gas in TIG welding is desirable for protection of atmospheric contamination. TIG welding process has the possibility of becoming a new welding process giving high quality and provides relatively pollution free. In this case study, we discuss the influence of the power source, type of current, gas flow rate, electrodes, filer wire, TIG Machines settings, and shielding gases which are most important in determine arc stability, arc penetration and defect free welds. To do this a thorough literature survey is carried out on various aspects of the proposed topic, in various peer-reviewed journals, patents, books and other research resources. We have identified the suitable range of current, the thickness of the base metal, the diameter of electrode, the composition of electrode and filler wire, the gas flow rate required for high quality TIG welding process.

Keywords: TIG welding, Shielding gas, Defect, Electrode, Filler wire, Type of current

What is the culture of this land as poetry and literature inherited, Thanks always thought of myths such as Attar, Rumi and other great poets of this country. Identifying and disseminating these ideas to modern human society will help to restore the lost identity. Construction of a building architecture that based on originality and sense of the poets is planned. And its main objective manifestation of the poems in the body space that supply users familiar bed with the treasures of the national ancient. We tried to design buildings that particular cultural buildings to revitalize the look of Persian poetry. The poetic space that integrates the materials and spaces give sense of fluidity and lightness to the user and space and create amazing images and imagination. Man with his five senses interacts with the environment. In some cases, persistent memory and influence is the result of man's relation to his surroundings. The design of such high quality, it seems poetic and literary. For the design of these spaces will first study the interaction between literature and architecture as possible , the general meaning of culture and its influence on architecture were studied and then the symbol of the lyrics and how they were used in architecture. Design a space to illustrate the attitude of a mystic poet in architecture has rarely been considered. Undoubtedly, the authors, sources of inspiration in many aspects of life are. Classical Literature and Art is an essential tool for architects and intuitive architectural educators. The results of this paper are to provide effective strategies for sustainable development and promote the cultural identity of poetry, literature and architecture is designed.

Keywords: Poetry, architecture, literature, cultural identity.

Candidates Selection for a particular Company's Recruitment process can be done based on Ontology. For this selection to be done, the companies(HR) should follow a registration process with enhanced Security features. After this, HR's can search and view candidates based on their requirement like Area-Of-Interest, Aggregate Percentage and so on. The details of the candidates selected by the HRs can be mailed. After the recruitment process done for a particular year, the company profile, candidate details can be scrapped which helps in Memory Management. The activities involved in this system can also be logged.

Keywords: users profile, areas-of-interest, aggregate percentage, annual refresh, personalized web information gathering.

Geomorphology is the study of landforms or topographic features of the earth's surface and their associated processes of formation and decay. The development of a drainage system over space and time is influenced by several factors such as geology, structural components, geomorphology, soil and vegetation of an area through which it flows. In this study, geomorphologic features of the Subansiri and the Alaknanda river basins representing the eastern and the western Himalayas respectively, have been examined using Remote Sensing data under the GIS platform to make a comparison of these two representative river basins from the two extreme segments of the Himalayan arc. The study shows some contrasting features of geomorphology in respect of the two Himalayan river basins under review. .

Keywords: Geomorphology, GIS, Himalaya, Relief, Slope

Researchers try to enhance the efficiency and quality of the output power of multilevel inverters. But it should be noted that, it is not easy to change the inverter switching algorithm and doing this will increases the costs. Also these algorithms are not usually extensible to all inverter types. By considering these limitations, in this paper the THD equation of the output voltage of an asymmetric single phase cascaded multilevel inverter capable of generating 9 output voltage levels is extracted. This equation will be a function of switching angles and input voltage source values. Now, with the use of genetic algorithm which is one of the strongest optimization tools, the voltage THD is minimized and the optimized switching angles are obtained. By applying these angles in the conventional switching algorithm with fundamental frequency, the quality of the output voltage reaches its highest level. The method used in this paper is simpler than the switching algorithm changing method and can be generalized to different types of multilevel inverters. Also the use of fundamental switching frequency, will reduce switching losses. The simulation results obtained by MATLAB/SIMULINK software, confirm the performance accuracy of the proposed method.

Keywords: Asymmetric cascaded inverter, Genetic algorithm, Multilevel inverter, Optimization, THD

This research paper attempted to examine cost segregation analysis and its practice with a view to sensitizing and apprising cost Engineers and Quantity Surveyors to embrace it. It presented cost segregation analysis as an engineering process which identifies and classifies particular elements or assets within a plant or building into shorter life periods for tax depreciation in order to save substantial tax payments by companies within the ambit of the law. It identified that the practice is yet fledging for Quantity Surveyors and Cost Engineers especially in heavy engineering and process plants, notwithstanding their knowhow and analytic skill to perform the service. It thus presented the cost segregation analysis process and practical steps to be followed by Cost Engineers/Quantity Surveyors to implement them. It crafted an illustrative template of cost segregation analysis to be used by Cost Engineers in reporting cost segregation analysis study for heavy process, oil/gas projects. It recommended the application of electronic tax filing, E-filing in submitting tax returns in line with global best practice, and the implementation of partnering practices in plant construction by project professionals to engender useful cost records and data bases for efficient implementation of cost segregation analysis service.

Keywords: Capital Allowance, Cost Segregation Analysis, Depreciation, Tax rate.

This study aims to analyze and determine the contribution of teacher competencies (pedagogical, personal, professional and social competence) on the performance of learning. The approach used in this study is correlation with proportional sampling technique. The results of data analysis using multiple regression showed that, partially pedagogical, personal competence, professional competence and social competence has a significant influence in improving learning performance. The contribution of all the teaching competencies simultaneously or jointly declared significant has influence in improving the quality of performance in the learning process .

Keywords: Pedagogical Competence, Personality Competence, Professional Competence, Social Competence, Performance Lecturer.

This study by the role of banking institutions that are so complex in the structure of the economy of a country, in direct contact with the public. Banking raise funds from the public, as well as an obligation to provide funds in a way that best serves the interests of the community in addition to the interests of the owner of the funds, thus the banking and the public are the two components that are partners and need each other. Long-term goal of this research is the public as part of bank customers can make optimum use of modern banking facilities and infrastructure in order to more effectively and efficiently in the transaction. The specific objective is to be able to analyze and explain the role of the Consumer Education For Quality Innovation Customer Service banking in Kendari. This research was conducted at the Bank's customer in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Province by using a sample of 156 respondents who are bank customers in the city of Kendari. This study uses the Analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze the influence between variables and indicators of each variable. Research indicates that the variable quality of service direct significant effect on the Consumer Education and Customer Satisfaction. Consumer Education significant effect on Customer Satisfaction

Keywords: Consumer Education, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction

To enhance the optimization ability of classical shuffled frog leaping algorithm, a quantum inspired shuffled frog leaping algorithm with adaptive grouping is proposed. In this work, the frog swarms are adaptive grouped according to the average value of the objective function of child frog swarms, the frogs are encoded by probability amplitudes of Multi-Qubits system. The rotation angles of Multi-Qubits are determined based on the local optimum frog and the global optimal frog, and the Multi-Qubits rotation gates are employed to update the worst frog in child frog swarms. The experimental results of some benchmark functions optimization shows that, although its single step iteration consumes a long time, the optimization ability of the proposed method is significantly higher than the classical leaping frog algorithm.

Keywords: Quantum computing, Swarm intelligent optimization, Shuffled leaping frog algorithm, Adaptive grouping

This study purposed to analyze the factors that affect the mining sector exports commodity. Data used in this study is data from 1995 to 2013. Sources of data obtained from the Department of Trade and Industry, Bureau of Statistics. Mining commodity exports data, prices, economic growth and the importing country exchange value. The method of data analysis used in this study is the multiple linear regression method. The results showed that simultaneous variables nickel prices, exchange rates, China's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of importing countries affect the value of exports. In partial, price variables and GDP of the importing country has a positive influence on the value of exports. While the exchange rate variable does not affect the value of
commodity exports of mining in the Southeast. The coefficient of determination (R square) equal to 0.850 means that the independent variable is pricing capability, GDP importers of commodities and exchange rate together in explaining the dependent variable is export values of ferronickel by 85 percent. While the 15 percent explained by other variables not included in the model.

Keywords: Price, GDP, Exchange Rate

With growth of Internet along with the increasing availability of multimedia has spawned a number of copyright issues. One of the main areas that this growth has fuelled is digital watermarking. Digital watermarking is a process of hiding a message related to a digital signals in different forms such an image, song, video within the signal itself. In this paper, we present review on video Watermarking for better performance, robustness and discuss the various factors used in watermarking, attributes and application area where watermarking technique needs to be used. Also survey of new work is done in video watermarking field.

Keywords: SVD, DWT, DCT, Watermarking, FFT, LSB

This paper aims to propose a contextualized software configuration management model that is relevant and beneficial to small and medium software development firms operating in developing countries including Kenya. The study involved qualitative and quantitative research that focused on selected small and medium software development firms in Nairobi City, Kenya. Expert opinions and ideas of software engineering professionals especially lead developers and developers provided vital knowledge. Findings from the study indicate that most of the software firms employed the traditional software configuration management models with a significant minority without any model. Interestingly, majority of the firms did not practice conventional and standard phases of SCM. In addition, most firms did not practice software configuration management across all software projects undertaken. There is no specific contextualized SCM model in existence to address the needs of small and medium software development firms in developing countries including Kenya. The study identified numerous challenges faced by these firms such as bureaucratic nature of existing SCM standards and models, time consuming to implement nature of existing standards and models; limited skilled manpower to handle SCM; perception of SCM as being time-intensive and therefore time consuming; frequently changing demands from clients viewed as hindrance to applying SCM; perception of SCM as being cost intensive and therefore uneconomical to practice; perception of SCM as being labour intensive and therefore leads to schedule delays; finding the process of handling the tracking of change requests and defect reports difficult to manage; challenge when it comes to simultaneous update of changes made by different developers; challenge of logical conflict whereby when changes are committed, a component of the program that has not been modified leads to the generation of software errors when the software or program is run; challenges in smoothly managing the various sub-processes involved when practicing SCM. The study proposed SCM model for capturing the aspirations and satisfying the needs of small and medium software development firms. The effectiveness of the employed SCM models was robustly questioned as numerous challenges regarding the SCM practice of such firms were identified...

Keywords: Contextualized, functionality view, context definition, process sequence, process abstraction, solid processes

Most of the small and medium software development firms do not appreciate and embrace existing software configuration management models due to the bureaucratic nature of the models' design and perceived bias portrayal towards large firms. Software configuration management is a key component in the general software engineering process that leads to the realization of quality produced software and software products. As a result, there is need to address this particular gap by proposing contextualized software configuration management model for small and medium software development firms, especially in developing countries that operate in different policy, regulatory, industry and organizational contexts from the firms in developed countries. Specific objectives of the study included: to establish the approach employed by small and medium software firms in relation to software configuration management; evaluate the effectiveness of the existing software configuration management model employed in small and medium software firms; assess the challenges faced by small and medium software firms in software configuration management practice; propose contextualized SCM model that is relevant and beneficial to small and medium software firms in Kenya and other developing countries and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed contextualized SCM Model in small and medium software development firms. The model developed drew certain elements of each of the four traditional software configuration management models to come up with an enhanced and improved model. The proposed model capitalized on addressing the weaknesses inherent in the existing models by proposing process modelling approach that includes context into process descriptions, enabling process owners to design processes for change and switch such processes during execution. In construction, the proposed model adopted the ideologies of definition of context and design for change. The study sample was selected from the population of small and medium software development firms within Nairobi city. The study used the survey research and naturalistic observation to collect data. Data collected was coded, analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Microsoft Excel and presented in the form of tables of frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations and graphs. The study results indicated that most of the firms studied employed traditional models whereas minority did not practice any model. In addition, majority firms did not practice conventional and standard phases of software configuration management across all software projects undertaken. The study identified numerous challenges regarding software configuration management practice in small and medium software development firms. This study established strong indication that no specific contextualized software configuration management model was in existence to address the needs of small and medium software development firms in developing countries including Kenya. The study proposed model that was highly approved and recommended by the respondents, since the model captured the aspirations and needs of the small and medium software firms. The study recommends further development of the proposed model into a software tool to be commercialized.

Keywords:Software configuration management, contextualization, small and medium software development firms, software engineering.

Most of the small and medium software development firms do not appreciate and embrace existing software configuration management models due to the bureaucratic nature of the models' design and perceived bias portrayal towards large firms. Software configuration management is a key component in the general software engineering process that leads to the realization of quality produced software and software products. There is need to address this particular gap by proposing contextualized software configuration management model for small and medium software development firms. This is so especially in developing countries that operate in different policy, regulatory, industry and organizational contexts from the firms in developed countries. Specific objectives of the study included: to establish the approach employed by small and medium software firms in relation to software configuration management; evaluate the effectiveness of the existing software configuration management model employed in small and medium software firms; assess the challenges faced by small and medium software firms in software configuration management practice; propose contextualized SCM model that is relevant and beneficial to small and medium software firms in Kenya and other developing countries and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed contextualized SCM Model in small and medium software development firms. The model developed drew certain elements of each of the four traditional software configuration management models to come up with an enhanced and improved model. The proposed model capitalized on addressing the weaknesses inherent in the existing models by proposing process modelling approach that includes context into process descriptions, enabling process owners to design processes for change and switch such processes during execution. In construction, the proposed model adopted the ideologies of definition of context and design for change.

Keywords: contextualization, functionality requirements, solid process, context definition, process abstraction, process sequence

"Theory of Time" is a research and analysis report on integrated transformation system to find out reason for changes. I had found some systematic relational imbalance among the principles of AC Transformer, Ohm's law, series parallel circuits and law of conservation of energy. I did systematic analysis and research on above said combination principles and System's Relative components are determined and organized systematically for better understanding and reformed results are meeting with the natural principles of system.
I did systematic analysis on electro-magnetic circuits to understand the structure of the transformation system. Law of conservation of energy, Transformer's principles, Newton's laws and Ohm's law are base for this theory. By doing relational analysis I could derive Equivalent mechanical transformation principles from Electricity Transformation principles and mechanical resistance to transformation equation has been successfully formulated. Finally Obtained / reformed results are compared with our practical science and found that the derived principles are meeting with the natural principles of system and its transformation process. Further, explaining about "how the time is running?"; "what are all the relative components of the time?"; Whether is it possible to stop the time running process?

Keywords:Universal transformation system, time (time storage, live time running), energy with power, 3D transformation system, Mechanical Resistance, Newton's 3rd Law under transformation, number of individuals available inside the system, past, present and future conditions, loop system, particles in processing state, Energy with power adding and dividing processes, electro-magnetism, work done, Power-Force relation, life.