In recent years, germanium (Ge) based 2D material has drawn significant attention for its remarkable atomic structure, analogous to other group IV elements such as graphene and silicene. This arrangement provides high carrier mobility and a large bandgap, creating promising candidates for electronic, thermoelectric, and optoelectronic devices. Unlike graphene, germanium and its 2D derivatives can be easily tuned by chemical functionalization, which has made an extraordinary achievement in catalysis and energy storage applications. This work summarizes the fabrication of free-standing (FS) germanene sheets on different metallic, semimetallic, and semiconductive substrates, as well as their properties (mechanical and electrical). Afterward, germanane's methyl and hydrogen-terminated (functionalized) formation processes are briefly illustrated and differentiated by the properties of different topotactical deintercalation approaches. Finally, this review concludes with an outlook on the progress and critical challenges of Ge-based 2D materials based on recent developments.

Keywords: 2D material, carrier mobility, catalysis, electronic property, energy storage, cancer treatment, germanene.

Aims: In order to complete the task of land resources survey in Panzhihua Xi District, make clear the distribution of soil types in the Xi District, analyze the nutrient components of the soil in the Xi District, and enrich the content of soil science. There is no systematic classification of soils in Panzhihua Xi District, so this study will make up for this gap. Methods: In this research, the soil pH, organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus and effective potassium were determined by TPY-6A soil tester. Using ARCGIS, SPSS and Sigmaplot software, the original data were analyzed, and the soil type distribution sketch map, soil nutrient.........

Keywords: Soil Taxonomy, Soil Nutrients, Organic Matter, Ammonium Nitrogen, Available Phosphorus, Effective Potassium.

This research explores the application value and innovative strategies of Ruyi patterns in modern China Chic fashion design. As a typical representative of traditional Chinese auspicious patterns, Ruyi patterns contain rich cultural connotations and artistic characteristics. With their symmetrical double-spiral structure, flowing lines, and diverse forms of expression, Ruyi patterns provide abundant creative materials for China Chic fashion design. Through a systematic review of the historical development, classification features, aesthetic qualities, and cultural connotations of Ruyi patterns, this study analyzes the evolutionary trajectory.........

Keywords: Ruyi Pattern; China Chic Fashion; Traditional Culture; Pattern Application; Innovative Design.

With the comprehensive revival of Chinese culture, China Chic has been widely recognized as a unique cultural phenomenon in the field of fashion design. However, existing research has mainly focused on aspects such as cultural communication, marketing, and fashion trends, with limited studies on the application of textile technology in China Chic fashion, particularly regarding photochromic materials. Photochromic textiles, due to their ability to respond to changes in light conditions, have shown great potential in the field of smart textiles. This study reviews relevant domestic and international literature, analyzes the characteristics of photochromic materials and their application value in China.......

Keywords: Photochromic textiles; China Chic; Fashion design; Smart textiles.

The proliferation of digital data has transformed the journalism industry, offering new opportunities for journalists to access and analyze information more efficiently. However, the vast amounts of data available often require sophisticated methods to extract meaningful insights. This paper explores the application of data extraction mechanisms to e-court systems for enhancing journalistic practices. E-courts contain a wealth of legal documents, case files, judgments, and public records, which, if properly analyzed, can provide valuable insights into legal trends, case outcomes, and judicial behavior.........

Keywords: Data Extraction, E-courts, Journalism, Legal Data, Case Analysis.

This research is proposed that, with the rises of short video platforms and the growing popularity of video content on social media, entertainment and customer feedback platforms, understanding human emotions has become very crucial. Users are shift from text-based interactions to short videos, vast amounts of multimodal data are being generated. Traditional sentiment analysis methods, which rely on a single type of data, struggle to accurately interpret emotions in these videos. This research presents a new approach to sentiment analysis by combining text, audio, and visual data using deep learning techniques. We use BERT to analyze the sentiment of text, LSTM to interpret emotions in audio, and CNN to recognize facial expressions. These individual models work together to classify the overall sentiment of a video as positive, negative, or neutral which is known as a Fusion model (Multimodel). By combining these different methods, our model offers a more accurate and reliable way to understand emotions in video content. This approach can be applied to areas like social media monitoring, customer feedback analysis, and human-computer interaction, providing a deeper and more complete analysis of emotions. .

Keywords:LSTM, BERT, CNN, Machine Learning,Artificial Intelligence, Video data, Sentiment Analysis..

India face escalating cyber threats amid rapid digitization. Traditional password- based logins are proving inadequate, with frequent data breaches and credential leaks putting student and faculty data at risk. This report explores a blockchain- based authentication framework leveraging Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) to enhance security over conventional logins. We compare the traditional centralized model with add blockchain approach, highlighting how cryptographic private keys, smart contracts, and tamper-proof ledgers can mitigate phishing, brute-force attacks, and single points of failure. Current data from 2017– 2025 is integrated to underscore challenges like rising cyber incidents and password fatigue among Indian users.

For this study, we aim to identify fruit types and maturation using machine learning using CNN methods, using camera functions integrated into programmatic algorithms. This study is a description of previous studies conducted in universities, improving the ability to read objects based on colors in various ways. This Python programming language requires multiple additional libraries that detect the process of detecting objects, that is, the process of discovering the CVZONE library as the main library. This study shows that fruit detection and maturity using the CNN method have been successful in recognizing fruit types and maturity.

Keywords: Fruit detection ● Convolutional Neural Networks ● Image processing ● Object detection. ● Python programming ● Machine Learning.

As Panzhihua City has not yet been studied on soil taxonomy, this research will make up for this gap and enable people to understand Panzhihua soil and its composition comprehensively, systematically and in detail. Soil taxonomy is an effective way for people to understand soil. Scientific taxonomy can simplify the study of soil, and a recognized taxonomy can provide communication language between scientists. Soil taxonomy classifies soils by studying the differences in various aspects of soil. The analysis of soil nutrient components plays an important role. Soil nutrient components include acidity, alkalinity, organic matter, ammonium
nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and other related contents......

KEYWORDS;- soil system classification, soil water content, soil pH value, soil organic matter, soil
ammonium nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, soil available potassium

This study investigates the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) and associated radiological parameters in soil samples from the Gwong Cooperatives rice farm located in Jama'a Kaduna State, Nigeria. A total of 20 soil samples were collected and analyzed using High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometry. The results activity concentrations of showed that 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the soil samples ranged from 314.23 ± 16.25 Bqkg-1 to 390.18 ± 20.16 Bqkg-1 for 226Ra, for 232Th it ranged from 103.52 ± 5.49 to 155.63 ± 8.65 Bqkg-1, and for 40K it ranged from......

Keywords: Gwong Cooperative rice farm, Radiological parameters and Excess lifetime cancer risk

In this study, we provide the Lie symmetries and a classification of plane symmetric static space-times. Based on the invariance of the Lagrange equations of plane symmetries static space-time systems under the transformation Lie group, we provide the Lie symmetry determination equation, Lie symmetry theorem, and the conserved quantity of the systems; by utilizing theLie symmetry methodto solute the system, we give complete classification of the plane symmetric static space-times systems.The research results indicate that using the Lie symmetry method to study plane symmetric static spacetime can identify a series of conserved quantities that exist in the system; Discovered 5 basic Lie symmetries in the system; When the metric parameters of the system are appropriately selected, the plane symmetric static spacetime can have 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, and 17 Lie symmetric symmetries and conserved quantities.

Keywords: static space-times; plane symmetric; Lie symmetry; conserved quantity; classification.